HISTORY 2 FOR DISCUSSION, PRESENTATIONS, INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP WORKS (With suggested answers)

UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA

REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
PASCHAL ENDESH ONLINE ACADEMY

HISTORY 2 FORM FIVE & SIX

REVISIONS PROGRAM

(FOR DISCUSSION, PRESENTATIONS, INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP WORKS)

1. Highlight the fundamental characteristics of European feudalism
2. Show the validity of the fact that the feudal mode of production was unprogressive (NECTA 2009)
3. Discuss the factors that brought European feudalism into a crisis between the 15th c and 18th c.
4. Explain the concept of capitalism and give it characteristics
5. Analyses problems that faced agriculture in Europe under the open field system.
6. Examine strategies used by the rich farmers to put enclosures system into effective
7. Explain six factors that made Britain adopt an enclosure system and discard open field system during the Agrarian Revolution (NECTA 2017)
8. Examine the role played by agrarian revolution in undermining feudalism in England and show its impacts to Europe. (NECTA 2007)
9. Discuss the key elements involved in the transformation that took place in Britain agriculture in the 18th century. (NECTA 2008)
10. Identify key changes introduced in the English Agrarian revolution
11. Assess impacts of the enclosure system on the development of agriculture and technology in Britain (NECTA 2019)
12. "development of capitalism in Britain was a direct consequence of agrarian revolution" discuss (NECTA 2006)
13. Elaborate contributions of the agrarian revolution to the growth of capitalism in Europe (NECTA 2012)
14. What were the factors behind the rise of the demographic revolution in western Europe from the 15th century (NECTA 2007)
15. Analyze three causes of the demographic revolution between 1600s and 1850 in Europe and asses three contributions of this revolution in the development of capitalism.
16. Show the six roles of commercial revolution to the rise of capitalism in Europe.
17. With vivid examples, explain the contributions of Bubonic plague to the rise of capitalism in Era Europe.
18. Trace the important developments that led to the emergence of capitalist society in Britain (NECTA 2011)
19. Explain the characteristics of the first stage of capitalism
20. Examine the features of mercantilism and explain how it laid a foundation for the country's industrial revolution (NECTA 2010)
21. Account reasons for the rise of mercantilism in Europe.
22. Examine factors that led to the rise of the rise of commercial capitalism (NECTA 2015)
23. Explain factors that accelerated the rise of merchants capitalism in Europe (NECTA 2016)
24. Evaluate the impacts of navigation Acts on the development of British capitalism (NECTA 2011)
25. "Of all factors which led to the development of mercantilism in England, the role of the Tudor Monarchy should not be marginalized" substantiate (NECTA 2011).
26. "Africa helped to develop western Europe in the same proportion as western Europe helped to under develop Africa during the mercantilism era" justify this stamen (NECTA 2012)
27. In six points validate the conditions which forced European merchants to enslave Africans in the new world during the mercantile period (NECTA 2018)
28. Analyze how Africa contributed to the development of commercial capitalism in Europe
29. Show how Africans were affected by the trade relations with America and Europe (NECTA 2018)
30. In six points, show how Africa was affected by new trade relations which developed after the abortion of Trans-Atlantic slave trade (2020)
31. Elaborate the inevitability of the abolition of the Tran-Atlantic slave trade in the 19th century (NECTA 2015)
32. Examine factors that favored British industrial progress in the in the 18th century (NECTA 2016)
33. Elaborate reasons that propelled the British industrial hegemony (NECTA 2014)
34. In six points, show how the growth of the factory system accelerated the rise of workers consciousness in British in the 18th century (NECTA 2017)
35. Account for the failure of Luddism by 1817
36. Show how the invention of machines activated the rise of Luddism and Chartism in Britain (NECTA 2019)
37. Examine conditions that influenced the formation of the new model Trade unions.
38. Why chartists were not happy with the poor law amendment of 1834?
39. Analyze contributions of the scientific revolution to the rise of capitalism in Europe.
40. Evaluate reasons made Africans slaves to be preferred over other form of labor by European planter I North America and West Indies.
41. Analyze the positive impact of trading relation between Africa, Europe and North America.
42. Relate the exploitation of African labor to the development of capitalism in north America and Europe
43. Evaluate the historical fallacy that slave trade was due to humanitarian ground.

TOPIC 2 (THE RISE OF DEMOCRACY IN EUROPE)

44. Explain principle which govern politics in Europe before the rise of democracy
45. Assess the causes of the English political revolution of 1640s
46. Evaluate the impact of the glorious revolution on the development of democracy
47. Analyze the political and social-economic causes of the revolution of 1789 in Europe
48. Assess the contributions of the French revolution to the rise of democracy
49. Appraise the social-economic and political conditions leading to revolutions of 1848
50. Discuss the contributions of 1848 revolutions to the rise of democracy in Europe.
51. Analyse the roles of philosophers to the rise of democracy in Europe.

TOPIC 3 (IMPERIALISM AND TERRITORIAL DIVISION OF THE WORLD)

52. Attempt a description of monopoly capitalism in Marxist-Lenin's view
53. Explain the concept of imperialism from the Bourgeoisie's view
54. Explain reasons that accelerated the transition from competitive to monopoly capitalism and appraise features of imperialism from a Marxist-Leninist view.
55. How did the development of capitalism lead to the rise of European nationalism
56. "No Bismarck no German unification" discusses the statement.
57. Explain the reasons for and strategies used to achieve the German unification in 1781
58. Evaluate the impacts of unification of Germany in Europe.
59. Discuss bottlenecks of Germany unification
60. Assess how German unification threatened the European balance of power.
61. Examine factors that facilitated the unification in German and Italy
62. Elaborate reasons that propelled the unification of Italian states by 1870
63. Unification in Germany and Italy in the 1870s brought several consequences in Europe. Substantiate this statement by giving six points
64. Examine stumbling blocks to the Italian unification
65. With examples explain the causes of militarism and arm race in Europe in the 19th century
66. Highlight impacts of military alliances in 19th century.
67. Analyze reasons which accelerated European rivalries in Africa.
68. Analyze objectives of the 1878 Berlin Congress
69. Explain events that led to the Berlin congress of 1878.
70. Highlight resolutions of the 1878 Berlin congress
71. Discuss factors delayed German unification
72. Elaborate factors that propelled the unification of Italian states in 1870

TOPIC 4 (THE RISE OF DICTORSHIP IN GERMANY, ITALY AND JAPAN)

73. Explain the features of dictatorship regimes in the world.
74. What are the general causes for the rise of dictatorship government in the world?
75. Discuss the relationship between the effects of First World War and the rise of fascism in Italy.
76. Show how the great economic depression stimulated the rise of dictatorship government in Germany
77. "Mussolini's ambitious and power contributed to the rise of Fascism in Italy" substantiate this statement.
78. Analyze the role of Versailles peace treaty in the rise of fascism and Nazism in Italy and Germany.
79. "Hitler's personalities and Nazi propaganda were the essential forces behind the rise of Nazism in Germany" validate his statement.
80. Explain social, political and economic effects of dictatorship government in Germany
81. Assess the causes for the rise of dictatorship government in Japan during the inter-war period
82. Explain strategies used by Nazi Government to improve Germany economy in the 1930s (NECTA 2017)
83. Assess the foreign policies adopted by the fascist government in Italy.
84. Show how Weimer republic influenced the rise of Nazism in Germany
85. "The rise of Fascism and Nazism was a disaster in European history and the world at large" discuss correctly

TOPIC 5 (THE RISE OF SOCIALISM)

86. Discuss the utopianism of early socialist thoughts
87. Explain features of utopian socialism and show how its contributions to the rise of scientific socialism.
88. Utopian thinkers struggled for an ideal society without success. Account for their failure to achieve their goals
89. Explain weakness and strengths of scientific socialism
90. Account for the October 1917 Bolshevik revolution in Russia
91. Analyze the effects of the Bolshevik Revolution on Africa.
92. Why socialist revolution did not take place in Western Europe?
93. Analyze impacts of Chinese communist revolution in china
94. Describe impacts of the 1949 Chinese revolution
95. Show how Tanzania benefited from a new economic strategy which was adopted in 1967
96. Examine principles of Ujamaa and self reliance in Tanzania
97. Evaluate the political and economic effects of the Arusha declaration.
98. The disintegration of the soviet bloc in the 1990s was inevitable. Verify this statement.
99. Analyze the political and economic impact of the collapse of Soviet Union on third world countries.

TOPIC 6 (EMERGENCE OF U.S.A AS NEW CAPITALIST SUPER POWER)

100. Assess the factors which led to the decline of European capitalism
101. Explain the impact of the decline of European capitalism
102. Show the impacts of the USA capitalism in the world
103. Analyze the factors leading the great economic boom and its subsequent impact in USA
104. Show how new deal was a deal
105. Examine the weakness of new deal policy
106. Assess the position of American economy during and after the second world war
107. Explain the relationship which developed between USA and Japan after second world war
108. Assess impacts of USA relation with Japan after Second World War.

TOPIC 7 (THE THREAT TO WORLD PEACE)

109. Appraise six signs which revealed the existence of cold war between the eastern and western blocs from 1945.
110. Elaborate six points that show how the cold war developed between 1945 and 1953
111. Analyze major events that occurred during the cold war
112. Examine the consequence of the cold war to the world.
113. Discuss six factors that led to the improvement of relation between the antagonistic of the cold war after 1953
114. Assess the six outcomes of the thaw of the cold war
115. Why the thawing of the cold war between the eastern and western blocs was frozen again in the 1980s. give six reasons
116. Account for escalation nuclear arms race between US and USSR since 1945.
117. Explain three factors that initiated the cold war and analyze three reasons that forced USSR to set a nuclear missiles in Cuba
118. Analyze six causes of the 1956 Arab-Jewish war
119. Explain the outcomes of the 1956 Jewish- Arab war
120. The Jewish-Arab war of 1967 was inevitable. Justify this statement by giving six points
121. Explain the effects of the Jewish-Arabs war of 1967
122. Account for the outbreak of the Yom Kippur War.
123. Analyze six effects of the Yom Kippur War
124. Explain three factors which led to the creation of Israel state and state three impacts.
125. Examine the notable circumstances leading to the middle east crisis
126. Describe six genuine reasons why the middle east crisis was considered to be among the threats to world peace after second world war
127. Zionism and Jews were, but the creation of their state hood in Palestine
128. Show the consequences of the Camp David peace Accord
129. "Improvement of relations between the antagonist of the cold war led to the thawing of the relations between the eastern and western blocs" justify this statement
130. Examine reasons for the re-emergence of cold war in 1980s
131. Assess the reasons for the escalation of armed race and weapons of mass destruction.
132. Analyze reasons for missile crisis in Cuba
133. What dangers can be posed by the development of nuclear weapons and arm race?
134. Discuss impact of 1948 Arab-Jewish war after the creation of state Israel

TOPIC 8 (NEO-COLONIALISM AND UNDERDEVELOPMENT IN THE THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES)

135. With examples, explain ways on how neo-colonialism is implemented in Africa
136. Explain the manifestations of neo-colonialism in developing countries
137. Analyze the effects of neo colonialism in third world countries
138. Explain economic indicators of underdevelopment in developing nations
139. Explain indicators of underdevelopment
140. The underdevelopment of third world countries is a result of internal dynamics. Validate this statement.
141. Assess the internal causes of undervelopment in third world countries
142. Explain the reasons for the economic dependence of developing nations
143. "Africa's extreme poverty is partly attributed to historical phenomena" validate this statement
144. Discuss ways that can help the third world countries to disengage from neo-colonialism and underdevelopment
145. Assess the recommendations of the 1980s Brandt report on third world poverty.
146. Evaluate obstacles hindering the implementation of the south-south commission' goal
147. Elaborate reasons for the launching of the structural adjustment programme's (SAPs)
148. Explain the contribution of SAP in promoting the African economy
149. Explain negative effects of the structural adjustment program (SAPs)
150. Examine conditionality of the Structural Adjustment Programme in the developing nations
151. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of privatization policy in Tanzania
152. Discuss the role of non aligned conference in Havana-Cuba toward the efforts of solving underdevelopment in third world countries
153. Assess reasons for the south-south dialogue and its challenges
154. Discuss the thesis that "Europe underdeveloped Africa"
155. How do you describe Tanzania as a true representative of third world countries? Give pieces of evidence
156. Analyze the mechanisms to be employed by third world countries to curb underdevelopment and neo colonialism.
157. With vivid examples, discuss the problems facing African states delivered from their heritage of colonialism
158. Analyze the unique features of underdevelopment in the third world countries
159. Neo colonialism is a key profounder of occurrence of political and economic instabilities in African states. Discuss

PREPARED BY SIR PASCHAL ENDESH

HISTORY 2 REVISION ANSWERS

Selected answers from Form Five & Six History revision questions

TOPIC 1: FEUDALISM AND THE RISE OF CAPITALISM

1. Highlight the fundamental characteristics of European feudalism

Key characteristics of European feudalism included:

• Hierarchical system with kings at the top, followed by nobles, knights, and peasants at the bottom
• Land tenure system where land (fief) was granted in exchange for military service and loyalty
• Manorialism - self-sufficient economic units where peasants worked the land in exchange for protection
• Decentralized political authority with power fragmented among local lords
• Rigid class structure with limited social mobility
• Personal bonds of loyalty (vassalage) rather than citizenship

8. Examine the role played by agrarian revolution in undermining feudalism in England

The Agrarian Revolution undermined feudalism through:

1. Enclosure movement replaced open field system, breaking traditional peasant farming
2. New farming techniques like crop rotation increased productivity, reducing need for peasant labor
3. Commercialization of agriculture shifted focus from subsistence to profit
4. Displacement of peasants created mobile labor force for emerging industries
5. Weakened manorial system as lords became capitalist landlords

Impacts to Europe included spread of these changes and stimulation of industrial growth.

20. Examine the features of mercantilism and explain how it laid a foundation for the country's industrial revolution

Features of mercantilism:

• Belief that wealth = accumulation of gold/silver
• Favorable balance of trade (exports > imports)
• Colonial exploitation for raw materials
• Government regulation of economy
• Protectionist policies (tariffs, monopolies)

How it laid foundation for industrial revolution:

• Accumulated capital for investment
• Created colonial markets for manufactured goods
• Developed shipping and financial systems
• Encouraged domestic production
• Promoted technological innovation

TOPIC 2: THE RISE OF DEMOCRACY IN EUROPE

48. Assess the contributions of the French revolution to the rise of democracy

The French Revolution (1789) contributed to democracy through:

1. Declaration of Rights of Man - established equality before law
2. Popular sovereignty - idea that power comes from people
3. End of feudal privileges - abolished aristocratic dominance
4. Secularism - separation of church and state
5. Nationalism - citizenship based on nation not monarchy
6. Inspired revolutions elsewhere - spread democratic ideals

TOPIC 3: IMPERIALISM AND TERRITORIAL DIVISION

54. Explain reasons that accelerated the transition from competitive to monopoly capitalism

Factors in this transition:

• Industrial concentration - larger firms absorbed smaller ones
• Technological advances required massive capital investment
• Banking growth facilitated large-scale financing
• Colonial expansion created need for large trading companies
• Economic crises led to business consolidation
• Government policies often favored big business

TOPIC 4: THE RISE OF DICTATORSHIP

76. Show how the great economic depression stimulated the rise of dictatorship government in Germany

The Great Depression (1929) contributed to Nazi rise because:

1. Mass unemployment (6 million by 1932) created desperation
2. Weimar government appeared ineffective in solving crisis
3. Middle class savings wiped out by hyperinflation
4. Nazi promises of jobs and stability appealed to voters
5. Business elites supported Hitler to prevent communist revolution
6. Versailles Treaty resentment was exploited by Nazis

TOPIC 5: THE RISE OF SOCIALISM

90. Account for the October 1917 Bolshevik revolution in Russia

Causes of the Bolshevik Revolution:

• Weak Tsarist regime - autocratic and out of touch
• WWI failures - massive Russian casualties
• February Revolution - already overthrew Tsar, created power vacuum
• Lenin's leadership - "Peace, Land, Bread" slogan
• Peasant discontent - wanted land redistribution
• Provisional Government's mistakes - continued unpopular war
• Bolshevik organization - disciplined revolutionary party

TOPIC 7: THREATS TO WORLD PEACE

109. Appraise signs which revealed the existence of cold war between the eastern and western blocs from 1945

Early Cold War signs included:

1. Iron Curtain speech (1946) by Churchill
2. Truman Doctrine (1947) - containment policy
3. Marshall Plan vs. Molotov Plan - economic rivalry
4. Berlin Blockade (1948-49) - first major crisis
5. NATO formation (1949) - military alliance
6. Soviet atomic bomb (1949) - end of US monopoly

TOPIC 8: NEO-COLONIALISM

135. With examples, explain ways on how neo-colonialism is implemented in Africa

Neo-colonialism mechanisms:

• Economic dependence - reliance on former colonizers for trade (e.g. CFA franc in Francophone Africa)
• Debt traps - IMF/World Bank loans with strict conditions
• Multinational corporations - control key sectors (e.g. oil companies in Nigeria)
• Military agreements - French bases in West Africa
• Cultural influence - promotion of Western values
• Political interference - support for compliant leaders

Note: These are sample answers. For complete preparation, consult your textbooks and notes for all questions.

PREPARED BASED ON PASCHAL ENDESH REVISION QUESTIONS